IGF-1 LR3

Research Overview

IGF-1 LR3, the Long R3 analogue of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, is studied wherever a long-acting, high-availability IGF-1 receptor ligand is needed. Because its 20 to 30 hour half-life keeps the IGF-1 receptor engaged far longer than native IGF-1, it is a common tool in:

• IGF-1R signalling and receptor tyrosine kinase studies
• PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation and ribosomal-biogenesis investigations
• IGFBP binding and free-fraction comparisons with native IGF-1
• Satellite cell proliferation and differentiation in myogenic cell models
• Glucose-uptake experiments in cell models

IGF-1R Signalling Cascade

IGF-1 LR3 binds the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with affinity comparable to native IGF-1. IGF-1R is a receptor tyrosine kinase, and once activated it propagates several downstream cascades.

PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway:

• PI3K converts PIP2 to PIP3 at the membrane
• PIP3 recruits Akt (PKB) for activating phosphorylation
• Active Akt phosphorylates and activates mTORC1
• mTORC1 engages S6K1 and 4E-BP1, regulating ribosomal biogenesis and cap-dependent protein translation

MAPK/ERK pathway:

• The Ras, Raf, MEK, ERK relay regulates proliferative gene expression
• Associated with cell-cycle entry in progenitor cell models

Anti-apoptotic signalling:

• Akt phosphorylates and inactivates pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bad and caspase-9

Satellite Cells as a Model System

Satellite cells are the quiescent stem cells that sit beneath the basal lamina of skeletal muscle fibres and express IGF-1R. In myogenic cell models, IGF-1R signalling in these cells is studied in relation to exit from quiescence, proliferation and differentiation into myoblasts.

Storage

Lyophilised vials: store at -20°C, protected from light.

For research purposes only. Not for human consumption.